Chapter:1
Conditions Before Salah (Prayer)
The most significant act of worship in the Islamic religion is Salah (Namaz). According to the decision of Ayatullah al-Uzma Sayyid Ali al-Sistani (may Allah protect him), prayer is the gate to faith, and without it, other actions are worthless. To pray Salah properly, all Shia Muslims should learn about its significant conditions (Shuroot) and important parts (Arkan).
First, we should know👇
🔹 1. Conditions Before Salah (Shuroot al-Salah)
These are things you should do before you pray:
1. Taharah (Purity):
• You should do wudu (ablution), or ghusl (ritual bath), in case it is needed.
• In case it is impossible to use water, do tayammum.
2. Clean Bodies and clothing:
Body and garment should be clean of najasat (impurity such as blood, urine etc.).
3. Clean Place:
The prayer place must be clean and not usurped (ghasbi).
4. Direction of Qiblah:
Turn toward the Kaaba in Makkah.
5. Covering (Satr al-‘Awrah):
- Men need to be covered navel to the knees.
- Women have to wear the entire body, other for the face, hands, and feet.
6. Correct Time:
Salah should be prayed within its stipulated time (e.g, Dhuhr after zawal, Maghrib after sunset).
🔹 2. Essential Parts of Salah (Arkan)
The following are the pillars of prayer. The prayer is invalid when any one of them is omitted or even done in a wrong order.
1. Niyyah (Intention)
Make your purpose in your heart. You need not say or think out loud. This example is: I am presenting today Dhuhr prayer, which is “wajib, qurbatan ilallah”.
2. Takbiratul Ihram
Put your hands up and shout Alahu Akbar.
3. Qiyam (Standing)
Stand erect after and before ruku’.
4. Ruku (Bowing)
Bend and put your hands on your knees and say “Subhana Rabbiyal Adeemi wa bihamdih” (at least once).
5. Sujood (Prostration)
On the turbah or the earth and say “Subhana Rabbiyal Aala wa bihamdih”, perform 2 sajdahs in each rakah. Let your forehead, palms, knees, and toes remain on the ground.
🔹 3. Other Necessary Parts of Salah
The key components of prayer are called Arkan
1. Qira’ah (Recitation):
Recite Surah al-Fatiha in the first and the second rak’ah.
Recite another surah (mostly Ikhlas, Qadr, etc.) then.
2. During the following two rak’a, recite Tasbihat-e-Arbaa (“Subhanallahi walhamdu lillahi wa la ilaha illallahu wallahu Akbar”).
3. Recite dhikr during Ruku and Sujood.
4. Qunoot with raised hands preceding Ruku in the second rak u.
5. End with Tashahhud after the second and last rak a.
6. End with salaam.
3. Recite dhikr during Ruku and Sujood.
4. Qunoot with raised hands preceding Ruku in the second rak u.
5. End with Tashahhud after the second and last rak a.
6. End with salaam.
🔹 4. Step-by-Step Guide for a 2 Rak‘ah Salah (Example: Fajr)
1. Niyyah
2. Takbirat-ul-ahram.
3. Recite Surah al-Fatiha + any other Surah.
4. Perform Ruku.
5. Do Sujood
6. Stand for 2nd rak‘ah, recite Surah Fatiha + another Surah.
7. Perform Qunoot. 8. Perform Ruku.
9. Do Sujood.
3. Recite Surah al-Fatiha + any other Surah.
4. Perform Ruku.
5. Do Sujood
6. Stand for 2nd rak‘ah, recite Surah Fatiha + another Surah.
7. Perform Qunoot. 8. Perform Ruku.
9. Do Sujood.
10. Recite Tashahhud.
11. Recite Salaam.
🔹 5. Things That Nullify Salah (Mubtilat)
1. Making noise on purpose. 2. Facing away from Qiblah. 3. Adding or leaving out a Rukn (pillar). 4. Consuming or drinking.
✅ In short:
The most important things in Salah are Niyyah, Qiyam, Ruku, Sujood, Tashahhud, and Salaam — along with purity, Qiblah, and correct timing.
The most important things in Salah are Niyyah, Qiyam, Ruku, Sujood, Tashahhud, and Salaam — along with purity, Qiblah, and correct timing.
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